Proteomics is the study proteins and it is critical for our understanding global protein expression and modifications underlying the molecular mechanisms of biological processes and disease states. With the large array of post-translational modifications(PMT). New techniques are developed to tackle the high complexity of the proteome. To date, over 200 PTMs have been identified within human. Proteomics is used for both discovery and targeted proteomic analyses to understand global proteomic dynamics in a cell, tissue or organism. It is used to sequence and compare the relative abundance of different proteins. This allows the development of targeted therapy of different diseases.
What is protein phosphorylation?
Phosphorylation is a type of post translational modification where a phosphate group is added on proteins to activate or to deactivate it. Enzymes that phosphorylate proteins are called kinases and enzymes that dephosphorylate proteins are called phosphatases. The control of these enzymes prevents and allow different proteins from interacting with each other. By identifying where phosphorylation occurs within a protein, these sites can reveal more information about the protein's function or the associated disease state. Therefore, it is vital to identify different phosphorylation patterns between the healthy and sick proteins.
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Conclusion
As shown above the CLCN1 gene has multiple phosphorylation sites along the entirety of its length. This may indicate that phosphorylation is critical for the proper functioning of chloride membranes, and therefore is required for potential equalisation.